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The Mathematical Career of Pierre de Fermat, 1601-1665

Second Edition

Michael Sean Mahoney

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Beschreibung

Hailed as one of the greatest mathematical results of the twentieth century, the recent proof of Fermat's Last Theorem by Andrew Wiles brought to public attention the enigmatic problem-solver Pierre de Fermat, who centuries ago stated his famous conjecture in a margin of a book, writing that he did not have enough room to show his "truly marvelous demonstration." Along with formulating this proposition--xn+yn=zn has no rational solution for n > 2--Fermat, an inventor of analytic geometry, also laid the foundations of differential and integral calculus, established, together with Pascal, the conceptual guidelines of the theory of probability, and created modern number theory. In one of the first full-length investigations of Fermat's life and work, Michael Sean Mahoney provides rare insight into the mathematical genius of a hobbyist who never sought to publish his work, yet who ranked with his contemporaries Pascal and Descartes in shaping the course of modern mathematics.

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Schlagwörter

Squaring the circle, Mathematical analysis, Number theory, Analytic proof, Series expansion, Geometry, Linear algebra, Mathematical induction, Diophantus, Proportionality (mathematics), Two New Sciences, Adequality, Mathematical problem, Algebra, Cartesian coordinate system, Prime number, Axiom, Thomas Kuhn, Scripta Mathematica, Coprime integers, Prime factor, Sieve of Eratosthenes, Theorem, Fermat number, Inequality (mathematics), Scientific notation, Series (mathematics), Magic square, Sign (mathematics), Fermat's Last Theorem, Integer, Fundamental theorem, Quadratic residue, Fermat's theorem, Probability theory, Pell's equation, Simon Stevin, Divisor, Maxima and minima, Pascal's theorem, Blaise Pascal, Arithmetica, Pascal's triangle, Simultaneous equations, Result, Ordinate, Diagram (category theory), Square (algebra), Right triangle, Parabola, Divisibility rule, Theory of equations, Pentagonal number, Mathematician, Arithmetic progression, Variable (mathematics), Parity (mathematics), Summation, Diophantine equation, Rectangle, Cube (algebra), Mersenne prime, Conchoid (mathematics), Proof by infinite descent, Fermat point, Hypotenuse, Pierre de Fermat, Arithmetic, Equation, Mathematics