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The New Social Question

Rethinking the Welfare State

Pierre Rosanvallon

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Princeton University Press img Link Publisher

Geisteswissenschaften, Kunst, Musik / Philosophie

Beschreibung

How social and intellectual changes undermine our justifications for the welfare state

The welfare state has come under severe pressure internationally, partly for the well-known reasons of slowing economic growth and declining confidence in the public sector. According to the influential social theorist Pierre Rosanvallon, however, there is also a deeper and less familiar reason for the crisis of the welfare state. He shows here that a fundamental practical and philosophical justification for traditional welfare policies—that all citizens share equal risks—has been undermined by social and intellectual change. If we wish to achieve the goals of social solidarity and civic equality for which the welfare state was founded, Rosanvallon argues, we must radically rethink social programs.

Rosanvallon begins by tracing the history of the welfare state and its founding premise that risks, especially the risks of illness and unemployment, are equally distributed and unpredictable. He shows that this idea has become untenable because of economic diversification and advances in statistical and risk analysis. It is truer than ever before—and far more susceptible to analysis—that some individuals will face much greater risks than others because of their jobs and lifestyle choices. Rosanvallon argues that social policies must be more narrowly targeted. And he draws on evidence from around the world, in particular France and the United States, to show that such programs as unemployment insurance and workfare could better reflect individual needs by, for example, making more explicit use of contracts between the providers and receivers of benefits. His arguments have broad implications for welfare programs everywhere and for our understanding of citizenship in modern democracies and economies.

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Schlagwörter

Social class, Insurance, Income, Unemployment benefits, Expense, Society, Tax, Pragmatism, Social conflict, Social theory, Political agenda, Risk of loss, Reexamination, Left-wing politics, Social democracy, Subsidy, Opportunism, A Theory of Justice, Demographic transition, Deregulation, Impossibility, Social Action, Employment, Underemployment, Modernity, Social issue, The Social Contract, Economics, Reformism, Social cost, Disaster, Workfare, New Issue, Traditional society, Welfare state, Unemployment, Attempt, Social revolution, Welfare, Deprecation, Economy and Society, Ideology, Liberalism, Impasse, Social policy, Social history, Social insurance, Veil of ignorance, Radicalization, Social exclusion, Protectionism, Orwellian, Social protection, Social research, Complex society, Reform movement, New economy, Real versus nominal value (economics), Social progress, Rationing, Works Progress Administration, Debt, Retraining, Special situation, Economic interventionism, Nationalization, Externalization, Social transformation, Paradox, Mercantilism