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Moments, Monodromy, and Perversity. (AM-159)
Nicholas M. Katz
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Naturwissenschaften, Medizin, Informatik, Technik / Mathematik
Beschreibung
It is now some thirty years since Deligne first proved his general equidistribution theorem, thus establishing the fundamental result governing the statistical properties of suitably "pure" algebro-geometric families of character sums over finite fields (and of their associated L-functions). Roughly speaking, Deligne showed that any such family obeys a "generalized Sato-Tate law," and that figuring out which generalized Sato-Tate law applies to a given family amounts essentially to computing a certain complex semisimple (not necessarily connected) algebraic group, the "geometric monodromy group" attached to that family.
Up to now, nearly all techniques for determining geometric monodromy groups have relied, at least in part, on local information. In Moments, Monodromy, and Perversity, Nicholas Katz develops new techniques, which are resolutely global in nature. They are based on two vital ingredients, neither of which existed at the time of Deligne's original work on the subject. The first is the theory of perverse sheaves, pioneered by Goresky and MacPherson in the topological setting and then brilliantly transposed to algebraic geometry by Beilinson, Bernstein, Deligne, and Gabber. The second is Larsen's Alternative, which very nearly characterizes classical groups by their fourth moments. These new techniques, which are of great interest in their own right, are first developed and then used to calculate the geometric monodromy groups attached to some quite specific universal families of (L-functions attached to) character sums over finite fields.
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Function space, Reductive group, Big O notation, Monodromy, Exponential sum, Convolution, Eigenvalues and eigenvectors, Perverse sheaf, Additive group, Sheaf (mathematics), Tensor product, Dense set, Morphism, Relative dimension, Random variable, Computation, Automorphism, Irreducible representation, Hypersurface, Subobject, Special case, Theorem, Unipotent, Subset, Isomorphism class, Parameter space, Summation, Codimension, Disjoint sets, Pullback (category theory), Equidistribution theorem, Elliptic curve, Base change, Addition, Integer, Existential quantification, Trivial group, Zariski topology, Fourier transform, Linear subspace, Partition of a set, Generic point, Central moment, Divisor, Prime number, Scalar multiplication, Finite field, Conjecture, Diophantine equation, Corollary, Direct sum, Symplectic group, Power series, Affine space, Dimension, Determinant, Discrete group, Dimension (vector space), Leray spectral sequence, Orthogonal group, Character sum, P-value, Subgroup, Polynomial, L-function, Conjugacy class, Surjective function, Trace (linear algebra), Symmetric group, Variable (mathematics)