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Farm to Factory

A Reinterpretation of the Soviet Industrial Revolution

Robert C. Allen

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Princeton University Press img Link Publisher

Sozialwissenschaften, Recht, Wirtschaft / Wirtschaft

Beschreibung

To say that history's greatest economic experiment--Soviet communism--was also its greatest economic failure is to say what many consider obvious. Here, in a startling reinterpretation, Robert Allen argues that the USSR was one of the most successful developing economies of the twentieth century. He reaches this provocative conclusion by recalculating national consumption and using economic, demographic, and computer simulation models to address the "what if" questions central to Soviet history. Moreover, by comparing Soviet performance not only with advanced but with less developed countries, he provides a meaningful context for its evaluation.

Although the Russian economy began to develop in the late nineteenth century based on wheat exports, modern economic growth proved elusive. But growth was rapid from 1928 to the 1970s--due to successful Five Year Plans. Notwithstanding the horrors of Stalinism, the building of heavy industry accelerated growth during the 1930s and raised living standards, especially for the many peasants who moved to cities. A sudden drop in fertility due to the education of women and their employment outside the home also facilitated growth.

While highlighting the previously underemphasized achievements of Soviet planning, Farm to Factory also shows, through methodical analysis set in fluid prose, that Stalin's worst excesses--such as the bloody collectivization of agriculture--did little to spur growth. Economic development stagnated after 1970, as vital resources were diverted to the military and as a Soviet leadership lacking in original thought pursued wasteful investments.

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Schlagwörter

European Russia, Investment, Industrial Revolution, Population growth, Statistic, Capitalism, Hectare, Stalinism, Inflation, Investment goods, Calculation, Income, Consumption (economics), Cultivator, Household, Consumer, Marketing, Economic development, Turnover tax, Wholesaling, Employment, Productivity, Average Price, Heavy industry, Peasant, Capital accumulation, Commodity, Capital good, Fertility, Supply (economics), Budget constraint, Farm income, Unemployment, Measures of national income and output, Income in kind, North America, Economy, Gosplan, Total fertility rate, Consumer Goods, Expense, Livestock, Wage, Standard of living, Stock, Market price, Output (economics), Year, Developed country, Tax, Procurement, World War II, Economy of the Soviet Union, Industrialisation, Scissors Crisis, Tariff, Urbanization, Primary sector of the economy, Central Asia, Economy of Russia, First five-year plan (Soviet Union), Retail price index, Agriculture, Farmers' market, Economist, Price index, Industry, Retail, Production function, Economic growth