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Evolution in Changing Environments
Richard Levins
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Naturwissenschaften, Medizin, Informatik, Technik / ÷kologie
Beschreibung
Professor Levins, one of the leading explorers in the field of integrated population biology, considers the mutual interpenetration and joint evolution of organism and environment, occurring on several levels at once. Physiological and behavioral adaptations to short-term fluctuations of the environment condition the responses of populations to long-term changes and geographic gradients. These in turn affect the way species divide the environments among themselves in communities, and, therefore, the numbers of species which can coexist. Environment is treated here abstractly as pattern: patchiness, variability, range, etc. Populations are studied in their patterns: local heterogeneity, geographic variability, faunistic diversity, etc.
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Adaptive radiation, Microevolution, Probability distribution, Ecological niche, Mutation rate, Special case, Epistasis, Phenotypic trait, Rate of evolution, Enzyme, Inbreeding, Natural selection, Probability, Population genetics, Species, Inference, Adaptive system, Directional selection, Heritability, Coevolution, Theory, Uncertainty, Organism, Spatial heterogeneity, Speciation, Acclimatization, Population size, Result, Adaptive value, Expected value, Diapause, Genotype, Ecotype, Fecundity, Gene Frequency, Frequency-dependent selection, Phenotype, Genetic heterogeneity, Linkage disequilibrium, Mating, Homeostasis, Fitness (biology), Carrying capacity, Evolution, Genotype frequency, Estimation, Taxon, Population ecology, Aphid, Emergence, Group selection, In Specie, Determinant, Population dynamics, Genetic assimilation, Ecology, Genetic variance, Nutrient, Facultative anaerobic organism, Holism, Predation, Prediction, Evolutionary pressure, Drosophila, Extreme environment, Initial condition, Allele, Long-term experiment, Macroevolution, Heterosis