Leseprobe
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The Final Act
Michael Cotey Morgan
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Sozialwissenschaften, Recht, Wirtschaft / Politikwissenschaft
Beschreibung
The first in-depth account of the historic diplomatic agreement that served as a blueprint for ending the Cold War
The Helsinki Final Act was a watershed of the Cold War. Signed by thirty-five European and North American leaders at a summit in Finland in the summer of 1975, the agreement presented a vision for peace based on common principles and cooperation across the Iron Curtain. The Final Act is the first in-depth account of the diplomatic saga that produced this historic agreement. Drawing on research in eight countries and multiple languages, this gripping book explains the Final Act’s emergence from the parallel crises of the Soviet bloc and the West during the 1960s, the strategies of the major players, and the conflicting designs for international order that animated the negotiations.
Helsinki had originally been a Soviet idea. But after nearly three years of grinding negotiations, the Final Act reflected liberal democratic ideals more than communist ones. It rejected the Brezhnev Doctrine, provided for German reunification, endorsed human rights as a core principle of international security, committed countries to greater transparency in economic and military affairs, and promoted the freer movement of people and information across borders. Instead of restoring the legitimacy of the Soviet bloc, Helsinki established principles that undermined it.
The definitive history of the origins and legacy of this important agreement, The Final Act shows how it served as a blueprint for ending the Cold War, and how, when that conflict finally came to a close, the great powers established a new international order based on Helsinki’s enduring principles.
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Sovereignty, Richard Nixon, West Berlin, Anatoly, Warsaw Pact, Ostpolitik, Non-interventionism, Leninism, Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, Hans-Dietrich Genscher, Prague Spring, Erich Honecker, Mikhail Gorbachev, Politburo, Dissident, Europe, Cold War, Interdependence, Ideology, Comecon, Great power, Precedent, Marxism–Leninism, International relations, Revanchism, Westphalian sovereignty, Treaty, Central Committee, Peaceful coexistence, Capitalist state, European integration, Brezhnev Doctrine, Georges Pompidou, Leonid Brezhnev, Nuclear warfare, Eastern Bloc, Soviet people, De facto, National security, NATO, Eastern Europe, Racism, Andrei Gromyko, Federal republic, Communist state, Urho Kekkonen, Foreign policy, Henry Kissinger, Politician, Domestic policy, Mikhail Suslov, Edward Gierek, Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, German reunification, Willy Brandt, Western Europe, Imperialism, International security, United States Department of State, Disarmament, West Germany, Criticism, Self-determination, East Germany, International law, Allies of World War II, Communism, Socialist state, Soviet Union–United States relations