Black Politics in New Deal Atlanta

Karen Ferguson

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The University of North Carolina Press img Link Publisher

Geisteswissenschaften, Kunst, Musik / Pädagogik

Beschreibung

When Franklin Roosevelt was elected president in 1932, Atlanta had the South's largest population of college-educated African Americans. The dictates of Jim Crow meant that these men and women were almost entirely excluded from public life, but as Karen Ferguson demonstrates, Roosevelt's New Deal opened unprecedented opportunities for black Atlantans struggling to achieve full citizenship.

Black reformers, often working within federal agencies as social workers and administrators, saw the inclusion of African Americans in New Deal social welfare programs as a chance to prepare black Atlantans to take their rightful place in the political and social mainstream. They also worked to build a constituency they could mobilize for civil rights, in the process facilitating a shift from elite reform to the mass mobilization that marked the postwar black freedom struggle.

Although these reformers' efforts were an essential prelude to civil rights activism, Ferguson argues that they also had lasting negative repercussions, embedded as they were in the politics of respectability. By attempting to impose bourgeois behavioral standards on the black community, elite reformers stratified it into those they determined deserving to participate in federal social welfare programs and those they consigned to remain at the margins of civic life.

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Schlagwörter

Lugenia Burns Hope, Alonzo Moron, Benjamin Davis Jr., New Deal social welfare, All Citizens Registration Committee, the Civic and Political League, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, the Neighborhood Union, the Urban League, Atlanta University, Grace Towns Hamilton, Rayford Logan, Forrester B. Washington, the Communist Party, Jacob Henderson, the Civilian Works Administration (CWA), Morehouse and Spelman Colleges, the War Manpower Commission (WMC), the Public Works Administration (PWA), Atlanta University School of Social Work, Raymond Henderson, John Hope, W. E. B. Du Bois, Robert Thompson, the Works Progress Administration (WPA), the United States Employment Service (USES), Clarence Bacote